Cardiovascular & Longevity

What Is SS-31 (Elamipretide)? Mitochondrial-Targeted Peptide Research Explained

SS-31 — known in clinical development as elamipretide, and earlier as MTP-131 or Bendavia — is one of the most intensively studied…

What Is Epithalon? Telomerase, Aging & the Research Evidence

Epithalon (also spelled Epitalon) is a synthetic four-amino-acid peptide — alanine-glutamic acid-aspartic acid-glycine, or AEDG — and it is one of very…

How Does GHK-Cu Modulate Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms at the Molecular Level?

GHK-Cu does two measurable things related to antioxidant defence, and one widely repeated claim about it is much weaker than it sounds.…

How Does Sermorelin Affect Pituitary Signaling in Endocrine Research?

Sermorelin works through a single, well-mapped route: it is a synthetic copy of the first 29 amino acids of growth hormone-releasing hormone,…

NAD+ Depletion and Heart Disease: What Causes It and What the Research Shows

NAD+ levels do fall in the ageing and failing heart — that part is well documented. Whether that fall drives cardiovascular disease…

What Evidence Shows NAD+ Supplements Impact Aging and Support Cellular Health?

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, universally abbreviated NAD+, is one of the most heavily studied molecules in the biology of aging. It sits at…

What Scientific Evidence Supports Peptide NAD+ Preserving Neurons During Stroke?

Two corrections before the evidence: NAD+ is not a peptide, and it has never been shown to protect neurons in a human…

Does Scientific Evidence Support BPC-157 as a Long-Term Tendonitis Therapy?

No human trial has tested BPC-157 for tendonitis. Every result showing faster tendon healing comes from rats or from tendon cells in…

What Evidence Supports GHK-Cu Peptide in Preventing COPD and Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Short answer: The honest, evidence-cautious response is that GHK-Cu does not currently have the kind of evidence that would let anyone say…

GHK-Cu for Hair Growth: What It Does to Follicle Stem Cells, and What to Expect

GHK-Cu — the copper complex of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine — is one of the most heavily marketed “hair growth” peptides on the…